The aim was to describe the experiences of couples where the male partner had undergone radical prostatectomy due to prostate cancer. Furthermore, the study explored how the operation had affected their sexual life, whether the couples had received enough post surgical support and information concerning these issues, and to describe the kind of support and information these couples desired. Twenty men and ten partners participated. All the men experienced a varying degree of post surgical Erectile Dysfunction and only five men had received support concerning their sexual life. Eleven men desired professional visiting support activities.

Sexual function in men with Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) is usually affected to a greater or lesser extent, depending on the type of injury and physiological prerequisites. Social contexts and psychological factors are other aspects that affect sexual function. Sexual dysfunction can lead to an impaired quality of life, depression and other illnesses. Aim: To study reported experiences of sexual function in men with SCI who have participated in The Nordic Spinal Injury Registry (NSCIR) five years follow-up. Design: Quantitative method consisting of a register study based on secondary data.

Background: Flavan-3-ols are polyphenolic phytochemicals belonging to the flavonoids. Flavan-3-ols are present in many higher plants and are particularly concentrated in e.g. Camellia sinensis (tea) and Theobroma cacao (cacao) and have got attention due to their antioxidative capacity. Many studies have been able to associate flavan-3-ol-rich foods to improved endothelial function. The aim of the present work is to review the scientific literature and evaluate the evidence for positive effects of flavan-3-ols on endothelial dysfunction in humans. Method: Scientific articles describing intervention and observational studies about flavan-3-ols and endothelial dysfunction, were searched for on http://www.pubmed.org.

The purpose of this study was to investigate how pupils with social dysfunction were defined and described and how the responsibility of the school concerning the needs of these pupils was apprehended. For this matter, in depth interviews with four headmasters and four teachers at three different schools were carried out.The possibilities to help pupils with social dysfunction were regarded as limited due to limited resources. The school can be described, as a huge refined apparatus of classification where some children very early are eliminated and there does not appear to exist any back up plan for these individuals. In this respect the function of the school is very similar to that of yesterdays school where the elimination process worked just as well, the denotations change but the problems remain the same.The material used in this study is too small to make general conclusions but the results give some indication of the problems of the interaction between the school and its staff and pupils with social dysfunction. We strongly believe that the results warrants further investigation as to in what way the school can improve in helping pupils with social dysfunction..

Background: Men that have gone through treatment for prostate cancer may lose their sexuality as result of treatment. The sexual ability might symbolize manliness, despite age and sexual activities. Aim: The aim of the literature study was to describe; Influence on sexuality and the daily life for men with prostatecancer and their experience of informationneeds. Method: The material for the literature study was searched through databases; 13 scientific articles were selected and two articles through manual search, all 15 articles were examined. Result: Five categories were found in the result of the literature study; physical dimension, emotional/mental dimension, social/practical dimension and informationneeds.

KKS includes difficulties hearing speech in background noise although results from pure toneaudiometry are normal. The condition is also called ?Obscure Audiotory Dysfunction? and?Auditory disability with normal hearing?. KKS affects a heterogeneous group. We believethere is a need for synthesis of existing studies to acknowledge the condition in Sweden toimprove rehabilitation for the affected individuals.

Bakgrund: Det är känt att erektil dysfunktion, eller impotens, orsakas av förstorad prostata, depression och diabetes. Den typ av erektil dysfunktion som orsakas av diabetes har en mer komplicerad utveckling än övriga orsaker.Syfte: Syftet med denna litteraturöversikt var att belysa sexuellt aktiva mäns erfarenheter av erektil dysfunktion till följd av diabetes mellitus typ 2.Metod: Metoden som valdes var en litteraturöversikt med kvalitativa och kvantitativa artiklar. Datamaterialet bestod av tio kvantitativa och två kvalitativa artiklar.Resultat: Två kategorier identifierades såsom Livet påverkas samt Förståelse för situationen med underkategorier.Konklusion: Det råder kunskapsbrist i fråga om varför män drabbas av erektil dysfunktion. Många män anser inte att det finns någon fungerande behandling. Om kontroll av den erektila funktionen ingick i årskontrollen av diabetes tillsammans med en välgrundad information samt adekvat behandling skulle de drabbade männen och deras partner få bättre insikt och medvetande om problemet.

Cancer i prostatan upptäcks hos allt fler svenska män. En behandlingsform är operation, så kallad radikal prostatektomi, vilket betyder att man tar bort hela prostatakörteln. Operationen har dock en stor nackdel, nämligen att den ofta gör männen både impotenta och urininkontinenta. Syftet är därför att beskriva män som drabbats av prostatacancer och genomgått radikal prostatektomi, samt drabbats av biverkningarna impotens och/eller urininkontinens, upplever och hanterar sin förändrade livssituation Studien använder sig av metoden analys av kvalitativa artiklar vilket innebär att djupare analysera artiklar som belyser männens upplevelser. Artiklarna söktes fram i databaser och granskas med tanke på innehåll och kvalité.

Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva hur män upplever att de påverkats av miktionsproblem och erektil dysfunktion efter radikal prostatektomi. Metod: Examensarbetet utfördes som en litteraturöversikt med tio vetenskapliga studier. Resultat: Upplevelsen av förlorad kontroll vid miktionsproblem var det som främst påverkade männen samt medförde att det sociala livet blev lidande. Männen beskrev hur de var tvungna att planera inför olika sociala tillställningar, vilket upplevdes som stressande och ångestfyllt. Det framkom också att männen oroade sig för urinläckage, stark odör och upplevde möten med oförstående människor som frustrerande.

Background: Prostate cancer is the fourth most common cancer disease in the world and affects mainly older men. While having prostate cancer the treatment can be both medical and surgical and both these treatments can give side effects like Erectile Dysfunction, lost libido and hot flushes. Sexuality among elderly is often associated with taboo, but sexuality exists among elderly and is important for their wellbeing and quality of life. It is common that nurses don?t address and discuss questions concerning sexuality with patients, even though they know that sexuality often is affected while having a disease or experiencing illness.

Syftet med denna deskriptiva och komparativa tvärsnittsstudie var att belysa vilka attityder tillöverviktiga patienter det fanns hos en grupp sjuksköterskor tjänstgörande på enoperationsavdelning, detta då patientgruppen överviktiga blir allt vanligare inom sjukvårdenoch patienter som genomgår överviktskirurgi opereras på den berörda avdelningen.Frågeställningarna var: Vilka attityder har sjuksköterskorna på operationsavdelningen tillöverviktiga patienter? Är det någon skillnad mellan åldersgrupperna hur de ser påpatientgruppen, yngre än 36 år, 36-50 år samt 50 år och äldre. Är det någon skillnad mellansjuksköterskor som arbetat längre eller kortare tid hur de ser på patientgruppen, från och med10 år, 11-25 år samt från och med 26 år. För att få svar på frågeställningarna lämnades enenkät Attityder till överviktiga personer, ut till samtliga 85 sjuksköterskor anställda påoperationsavdelningen. Resultatet visade att det var övervägande positiva attityder tillöverviktiga som framkom.

Abortion during late gestation is often caused by placental dysfunction such as placentitis. To prevent this from happening the placenta can be monitored pre partum so treatment can be started at an early stage. Methods for monitoring the placenta include hormonal monitoring, presence of clinical signs of placental dysfunction and ultrasonographic evaluation of the fetus and the placenta. Transrectal ultrasonography provides a very good image of the caudal portion of the allantochorion where an ascending placentitis normally establishes. An increased combined thickness of the uterus and the placenta, CTUP, has been associated with placental failure. This study included ten Swedish standardbred trotter mares in late gestation. They were monitored by transrectal ultrasonography of the placenta two times with approximately a month in between. CTUP was measured on each examination.

AimThe aim of this study was to, through a systematic literature review of evidence based electromyographic (EMG) studies, identify specific exercises for rehabilitation of the Serratus Anterior muscle. The research questions were: ?Which exercises can be recommended to use to activate the Serratus Anterior?? and ?Are the recommended exercises altered between studies on individuals with and without shoulder dysfunction??. MethodThe method was a systematic literature review. First the study aim and research questions were formulated. A research protocol was then formulated with inclusion and exclusion criteria and search terms.

Stroke is one of the most common diseases in Sweden and the third most common cause of death (National guidelines concerning stroke, 2000). Dysphagia is a common problem for stroke patients with almost 50 percent of patients suffering from severe swallowing dysfunction (Axelsson, Asplund, Norberg & Eriksson, 1989). The purpose of this study was to investigate how stroke patients with dysphagia experience their swallowing disorders. The method used was a qualitative literature study. An analysis of content was carried out using ideas and inspiration from Graneheim and Lundman (2003).

Due to progresses constantly being made in veterinary medicine combined with increasing knowledge in pet owners, the dogs of today gets older than before. The population of geriatric dogs is there for constantly growing, which makes them an important group of patients on small animal clinics and hospitals. As dogs age, so do their interior organs. Geriatric dogs are prone to several diseases and in this text the author has decided to focus on three of the most common: Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome (CDS), cancer and osteoarthritis (AO). All of these illnesses are incurable in dogs, but it is important to remember that they are still treatable.